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forked from Mirror/wren

Merge pull request #751 from wren-lang/0.3.0-refactor

0.3.0 refactor
This commit is contained in:
ruby
2020-06-05 14:57:20 -07:00
committed by GitHub
parent 6ab4abe9e3
commit d585a080e8
476 changed files with 13159 additions and 93444 deletions

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@ -19,13 +19,14 @@ Like other scripting languages, Wren has a single numeric type:
double-precision floating point. Number literals look like you expect coming
from other languages:
:::wren
0
1234
-5678
3.14159
1.0
-12.34
<pre class="snippet">
0
1234
-5678
3.14159
1.0
-12.34
</pre>
Numbers are instances of the [Num][] class.
@ -40,39 +41,44 @@ though.)
String literals are surrounded in double quotes:
:::wren
"hi there"
<pre class="snippet">
"hi there"
</pre>
A handful of escape characters are supported:
:::wren
"\0" // The NUL byte: 0.
"\"" // A double quote character.
"\\" // A backslash.
"\%" // A percent sign.
"\a" // Alarm beep. (Who uses this?)
"\b" // Backspace.
"\f" // Formfeed.
"\n" // Newline.
"\r" // Carriage return.
"\t" // Tab.
"\v" // Vertical tab.
<pre class="snippet">
"\0" // The NUL byte: 0.
"\"" // A double quote character.
"\\" // A backslash.
"\%" // A percent sign.
"\a" // Alarm beep. (Who uses this?)
"\b" // Backspace.
"\f" // Formfeed.
"\n" // Newline.
"\r" // Carriage return.
"\t" // Tab.
"\v" // Vertical tab.
</pre>
A `\u` followed by four hex digits can be used to specify a Unicode code point:
:::wren
System.print("\u0041\u0b83\u00DE") //> AஃÞ
<pre class="snippet">
System.print("\u0041\u0b83\u00DE") //> AஃÞ
</pre>
A capital `\U` followed by *eight* hex digits allows Unicode code points outside
of the basic multilingual plane, like all-important emoji:
:::wren
System.print("\U0001F64A\U0001F680") //> 🙊🚀
<pre class="snippet">
System.print("\U0001F64A\U0001F680") //> 🙊🚀
</pre>
A `\x` followed by two hex digits specifies a single unencoded byte:
:::wren
System.print("\x48\x69\x2e") //> Hi.
<pre class="snippet">
System.print("\x48\x69\x2e") //> Hi.
</pre>
Strings are instances of class [String][].
@ -85,13 +91,15 @@ followed by a parenthesized expression, the expression is evaluated. The
resulting object's `toString` method is called and the result is inserted in the
string:
:::wren
System.print("Math %(3 + 4 * 5) is fun!") //> Math 23 is fun!
<pre class="snippet">
System.print("Math %(3 + 4 * 5) is fun!") //> Math 23 is fun!
</pre>
Arbitrarily complex expressions are allowed inside the parentheses:
:::wren
System.print("wow %((1..3).map {|n| n * n}.join())") //> wow 149
<pre class="snippet">
System.print("wow %((1..3).map {|n| n * n}.join())") //> wow 149
</pre>
An interpolated expression can even contain a string literal which in turn has
its own nested interpolations, but doing that gets unreadable pretty quickly.
@ -104,14 +112,16 @@ implements the `..` and `...` [operators][] to create them:
[operators]: method-calls.html#operators
:::wren
3..8
<pre class="snippet">
3..8
</pre>
This creates a range from three to eight, including eight itself. If you want a
half-inclusive range, use `...`:
:::wren
4...6
<pre class="snippet">
4...6
</pre>
This creates a range from four to six *not* including six itself. Ranges are
commonly used for [iterating](control-flow.html#for-statements) over a
@ -119,10 +129,11 @@ sequences of numbers, but are useful in other places too. You can pass them to
a [list](lists.html)'s subscript operator to return a subset of the list, for
example:
:::wren
var list = ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]
var slice = list[1..3]
System.print(slice) //> [b, c, d]
<pre class="snippet">
var list = ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]
var slice = list[1..3]
System.print(slice) //> [b, c, d]
</pre>
Their class is [Range][].